Strategies to write stories: "Las cartas de Popp"

Resultado de imagen para las cartas de propp

Vladimir Propp dedicate his life to study the fantastic story and how it is created. In 1928, he published "Morfología del cuento" Morphology of the folk tales in which he develops 31 functions that may appeared in a story, actions that we can find in a narration.

Common narrative structure:

Beginning

Conflict

End

The 31 functions:

I. ALEJAMIENTO. Uno de los miembros de la familia se aleja de casa.

II. PROHIBICIÓN. Sobre el protagonista recae una prohibición.

III. TRANSGRESIÓN. Se transgrede o rompe la prohibición.

IV. INTERROGATORIO. El agresor o antagonista intenta obtener noticias.

V. INFORMACIÓN. El agresor o antagonista recibe información sobre la víctima.

VI. ENGAÑO. El agresor o antagonista intenta engañar a su víctima para apoderarse de ella o de sus bienes.

VII. COMPLICIDAD. La víctima se deja engañar y ayuda así a su enemigo, a su pesar.

VIII. FECHORÍA. El agresor o antagonista daña a uno de los miembros de la familia o le causa perjuicios.

IX. MEDIACIÓN. Se divulga la noticia de la fechoría, se dirigen al héroe con una pregunta o una orden, se le llama o se le hace partir.

X. ACEPTACIÓN. El héroe-buscador acepta o decide actuar.

XI. PARTIDA. El héroe se va de su casa.

XII. PRUEBA. El héroe sufre una prueba, un ataque, un interrogatorio…que le prepara para recibir un objeto mágico.

XIII. REACCIÓN. El héroe reacciona ante las acciones del futuro donante.

XIV. RECIBIMIENTO DE UN OBJETO MÁGICO. El objeto mágico pasa a disposición del héroe.

XV. DESPLAZAMIENTO O VIAJE. EL héroe es transportado, conducido o llevado cerca del lugar donde se halla el objeto de su búsqueda.

XVI. LUCHA O COMBATE. El héroe y su agresor se enfrentan en un combate.

XVII. MARCA. El héroe (herido) recibe una marca o señal (beso, pañuelo…)

XVIII. VICTORIA. El agresor o antagonista es vencido.

XIX. REPARACIÓN. La fechoría inicial es reparada.

XX. REGRESO. El héroe regresa.

XXI. PERSECUCIÓN. El héroe es perseguido.

XXII. SOCORRO. El héroe es auxiliado.

XXIII. REGRESO O LLEGADA DE INCÓGNITO. El héroe llega de incógnito a su casa o a otra comarca.

XXIV. PRETENSIONES ENGAÑOSAS O FINGIMIENTO. Un falso héroe reivindica para él el objeto con engaños.

XXV. TAREA DIFÍCIL. Se propone al héroe una tarea difícil.

XXVI. TAREA CUMPLIDA. La tarea es realizada.

XXVII. RECONOCIMIENTO. El héroe es reconocido.

XXVIII. DESENMASCARAMIENTO. El falso héroe, agresor o antagonista, el malvado, queda desenmascarado.

XXIX. TRANSFIGURACIÓN. El héroe recibe una nueva apariencia.

XXX. CASTIGO. El falso héroe o agresor es castigado.

XXXI. BODA. El héroe se casa y asciende al trono.

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